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Find a method for your next update. Make the facts, judgments and next steps clear.

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How can you compare figures on a consistent basis?

The situation

Fictional scenario

This period’s completed volume is 120. Is that better?

Compared with which period, group or target, and on the same basis?

I’ll identify the reference, then report the absolute and relative difference without treating it as a causal effect.

What is getting in the way

These are separate fictional practice figures. Time, group and target references use the same arithmetic but support different interpretations. Record the definitions. Relative change is undefined when the baseline is zero.

Method and tool

Compare one value against different references

Check the population, period, units and definitions before interpreting the numbers. Example calculations do not establish causes or effects.

At a glance

Compare one value against different references

Read the numbers with their definitions
MeasureCheck
Current valueA nonnegative quantity; specify the unit in the definitions.
Reference valueUse the same unit as the current value; blank is not zero.
Scope, periods, units and definitionsRecord comparability and any sample changes.
When the situation changes
Time reference
State adjacent-period or year-over-year comparison and check window length and definitions.
Group reference
Volume differences may reflect scale or work mix, not capability.
Target reference
The gap shows distance from the target; it does not establish that the target is appropriate or approved.
Keep evidence gaps and unapproved arrangements explicit.
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